Means for delivering oil to oil-burning engines.



R. M. Hvm. MEANS FOR DELIVERING OIL T0 OIL BURNING ENGINES. APPucATIoN man AUG. 16. 1912. nznzwsq Nov. a0, 1914.

l11,134,858; PatenedjApnJQl I R. M. Hvln.

MEANS FOR DELIVERING OII. T0 OIL BURNING ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED AIIG. I6. |912. IIENEVIED NOV- 30, |914.

1,134,858., l A PatentedApr.6,1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

my# I mismos MARTIN nvm, F BATTLE GREEK, MICHIGAN, nsslenon To n M. nvm coil/tram', on BATTLE CREEK, MLCHIGAN, A oenronr'ron or MICHIGAN. y

MEANS' non DELIVRING en: To einrennmve ENGINES.

Le :rg-4,353, spediamo. if Letters Patent. 'i Patented Apr. 6, MM5; v.llpplieation filed August 16, llijerial Nollw. llenen/ed Ncvemher 30, 1914. Serial No'. 874,906,

To pl/fww/n it 'may concern .Be 1t known ,that l', RASMUe MARTIN Hvlo, a citizen of the lunted States, re-

guished frein a construction wherein".there Viswno provision for positively timing the said explosion, but, on the contrary, the

tion ie the nvel relation which exist-S be compre he presently stated arefserved;

`antla1 "aeticnllycontinuons sat siding at .Battle (Ii-eek, in the county of. 'timing depends solely upon the alternate in- Calhonn nml State of i\'lichigan, have inereascsand decreases of the temperature of vented new and .un-etui Improvements in the air charge immediately adjacent the resn Means i'or 4Delivering,r Oil to Oilnrning ervoir. By virtue of its capacity to serve Engines, ol which the following is a specithis last object, the invention is especially f-cuti0ny and peculiarly adapted' for oilfbnrning en- '.lhie invention relates to improvements in l'nistionsnice ol' anoil burning engine, and for oil burning engines' of relativelysinall it-pro'iohes an improved eon'structionfwhich, horsepower, but Ain this latter' instance, a in respect of certain ofl novel features, is positive timin'gof the explosion consequent especially adapted' for em'ryinff ont the to which the, oil is expelled into the cylinder method. described vand claimed in my `co- 0f the engine may not' be so particularly'rew peinli-ng application Seri-al No. 675,028, a'equired; 'i y coriling to which a supply of oil is periodiy An embodiment of the invention is illuscally maintained inl a reservoir ebje'ct 't0A tratetlinl the accompanying drawings, iheheat in the -comlinstion space and is whereinzl 'forcibly ejected into said combustion space Figure -iS i, sectional vieiv showing the luy an explosion ol' the vaporizeil -constituupper portion of :in4 engine Cylinder entewvithin the reservoir, the explosion be equipped with a 'fuel supplydeviee in which ing Aestnlilis-lind by a vdiverted superheate'il the features ot' the invention are incorpopo'rtion of the main air cl'iarge. V

The improved oil-supplying` means cornfin sect-ion', Fig.v 53 is a detail longitudinal prehenils n reservoir iii which the fuel oil is Sectional. view inthe planej'h?) of Fig, t3, intermittently maintained in relation tothe Showing the fuel supply flevice per se, with l':orriliiistion epm-,e o l'i the engine cylinder, and the valve thcreof'c'losetl 'against itsseat and one of the principal features of the invfeIi-ff 'the o'il''y rivoli-,or cup positioned for the )n stroke oi tle piston; liig. -l'is tvvecn; this reservoir and the vulve which` n similar View in `lhe Same plane, lint showcont: ois the admission olfiiir'l oil und nuxil.- ing the valve distant froinitfs/seat und the iary airy thereto :inrl ivlnfrclij."the ohjeets to oil lreiervoir or on p positioned vfor the suc-r tionstrole ol' the piston; Fig. 5 is :i detail t of tly invf'intion is to )'iroviilof t infry hieanvso'i' lll@ f'lmlll gffl the section lbeing on the .line ol Fig. 7, erfilly iilnhtil'oil -al ove, which not-liable Showing the position of the fuel reeervoi'r to earl'ion ilepor' which nir.n

.lie rnanpi'ac'-` :itthc time when -lnol heini; delivered into tiered at 'a n:inimimikexpfknse and` :it a loiv The con'ilmsiion space of the engine cylinder; intringiecoshnml willich i?, so simple in n iytf; Fig, f3 is a (letiiil hog-'imflhl amr/550ml view structural e' nils that there will hefvery in the plane (--i-ll of Vif-F- il NM1 4 Flg- 7 little. if any, lioliilitv to breakage or nnilne is :i (letuil hortixoi'itzil sectionul view in the weer, and, eonse'ipientlv. the necessities for plane 'T--i' ol: Fig', Fig. S5 ie' 14 detail mmnvn'lf, 'or repairs will he vi infrequent horizontal seetip1 ,i:il.viev.' in the plane 8-8 factory op-` olpllig". f3; Fig. itis a detail' horizontal Sec eration through o relatively long period. of tional view in the pinne l---Afl of Fig. 3; and 115e will lygingmred. ,l Fig. l() iran enlarged detailed Sectionnlview "Ag ini-ther object of the invention is to showing thelovver portion el the .tno/l reserp'i-ovifle :in oil Supplying ineaiis l'or carrying Voir Avv'lien the latte isl ont the method .atatelh wherein theexplosion Fig. 4.

' rate'dglfigisa plan vienv of4 the saine,partlv f rngmentary sectional and elevational view,

in lthe .position rfel" h jv' which the incl oil is expclletl or eiectetl iroi'n the reservoir referred to into the engine. cylinder is positively timed, as distiniinilar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several VieWS.

glues of relatively large horsepower. The a means ltor delivering'fuel-oil ,to the eorn-` invention 1s, however, equally wellaelaptetl BESTAVAILABLEcom indicated genergllyl' on aflfiracket 24, which mayfbe suitably lo- I by the letter Anandafthe piston bythe letter catedon the upper head of the 'engine,`and it ts speed is not high enough to bring' the govbe of any approted is 'suitably pivoted to the' projecting'upper,

' the-,upper head'oitlie cylinder',' ar`id may bej i'eriiOfl willfrestfagainst thestop collar 25 von opera-tedin anyusualmanneryfoi instance, the spindle l?, v'and-the fvalye 17 willhave` its `fbeing lield 'in closed rlationbyrycoil' springs highest position, thus admitting oil through "..Efand 'being opened'byjfleyer's .'.E which, in the duct: 14 at a maximum rateT Assoon as ushfrods G5 the-" the' governor begins to move upwardly, due

ected by the twof L to. al1-increase inthe v speed of theengine, 'thej let valve willbe roportionately low-1 controls thefpgssa e .7 the.lati ;er' communif sequently communicates with the' fmterioroff open positiongby it".depression of its 'valve' also icorhmunicates 'with the ou "which the relative,timing` of the operationsaidextensiomandin whichthe cup .12S-is Q within certain limits. The passage 7 at itscombustion space of the'enginel cylinder and f Junction with the duct 1451s controlled by a aifords'an annular chamber `32 in fsurround. I.

-j. beoperatively Aconnected in 2 1 manner to the governor K.

The governor K -fmay be of constnucti-on. As shown,

I to eitherthecanif shaft'othe crank shaft of. *thenengnielI When'the speedof the lexigirle t' 60 'ging' thefgovernor weight 275 which .surrounds .fueinletvalve 17, the stem of which projects ing relationto'the cup 28. As the clearance "y beyondthej upper @11d 0f the Plug 23ml ifs t0 betweemthe piston and the cylinder head is y ,suitable relatively smalland the ultimate compresi -sion space of theengine is oor. respondingly'fy any suitable small, the temperature of the main'body of .1t comprises theg'the air charge becomes relatively high, but, well known ycen triftxgad i'ly balls which are .l on account" oftherelatively large. wall srrotat .at a sultablerate of speed by the face from-which heatwill be derived by the increases, fthe/balls 20y swing outwardly,

The `lever23 isl pivoted the carbureted airl" spin' e 19 geared in any desired manner-air confined Jin'jthe annularchamber 32, the temperature of. lthe 'eifatfthe'uppeif .part 1 y of-this annular'chamberbecomes materially `125 bodyfof'ithe-'air'vcharge. Thlis,-et" a'certain,l Q

` ion'stroke,. jedinthe. 1

' einen .diameteiybyvmeansfof whiehthe upper por- `tion ofitlef-olianiber 32 lies restricted conimun1cat1onjvi7'1thfthe cup 28. The cup 28 is also-provided with openings 34 which are located' closely adjacent .its bottom. Aand i through which the unvaporized 'fuel (which remains asa film on theootton'i of said cup) isexpelnled into the combustion space ot the'engme Cylinder consequent to the. explosion whlch is set up 1n the cup "7S when the vaporized fuely in the lat-ter is ignited by the superheated air in the upper portion' of the chamber `The preliminary explosion resultingl from the ignition of the carbureted air confined 1n the reservoir 28 will effect a thorough heating, vaporizing, and

watomizlingofthe main' fuel charge remainmg 1n the reservo1r28 as said charge. 1s'forc1 blyV ejected through the' openings 34 to. mix with' the air contained in the combustion space. -Im'i'nediately upon the {J1-{eliminar}7 explosion there will, "therefore, follow a gradual slower combustion of the fuel, until the last of it is consumed. The size and number ofthe openings Se rand their disposition with relation to the bottom 'of the reservoir 28 will, toI some eXtent, depend on the nature oi the fuel utilized.

` A For oil burning engines of relatively large the cup 28,'as'indiceted'by the arrows.

horsepower,l .a ypositive timing of' the pro liminaryfexplosion by-ineans of which the combustible fuel is expelled into the engine ycylinder may be ofV advantage. When the embodiment herein disclosed is employed,

this positive timing of the preliminary ex plosion is readily provided lor by the use of blocks 35, which are j'ii'eferably arranged in air-tight relation in the chamber 32 and are of sullicient'depth to controlboththe openings 33` and tbe openings 3l. The blocks 35 thus act as Valves andthey may conveniently bemade as lugsvwliichdepend from the ex tension 3. t 'y Fig. 3 shows the valve and the oil "cup [28 'when the piston is about to start nuits suction stroke, or 11s )ust completing" its come pression stroke. `When the piston moves and .the cup 28 move one from the position of Fig. to thel position of Fig.y e,

wherein the. valve is distant from the scat' d and the openings 3e are below the blocks 35. The suction developed by the piston in#rv duces the flow of oil and'air through the passages 6 and 7 respectively, into the upper portionof the borel and through tliejpassages 31 which lead from the groove 30 into When the requisite amount or' oil has been passed to thef cup 28, said'cnp' and the valve mfve upwardlyas one from the position of sg, back tothe position'of Fig 3, wherein projectingy arm BEST AVAILABLE COPY l S the blocks 35 Cover .the openings 33 and 3e y and thus shut ofi the communicetion between the openings 3B :und the chamber 32. 'and the 4openings 84 and .the combustion Y- space.. Therea-tprl the pistonnscends on its siderably hotter than tlie'remain-der of the.4

air charge,y and attaining asuflieientlv highI temperature. to ignite those more volatile particles of oil in the cup Q8, whichhave become vaporized consequent to .they heat ab- Sorbedby said cup. x 'When the pistony has about completed its compression stroke, the

'alve and'the reservoir 28j are again operateda but in this latter instance, said valvey and said reservoir are notigiven an axial movement, but are merely turned suliciently to bring the openings 33 and 34 out of line with the blocks 35 and to thus put said openings into communication with' the chamber and the combustion space respectively. This operation, therefore, changes the reser-r voir 28 from the position of Fig. G to the position of Figs. 5, 75 and 9. Thereupon the preliminary explosion inthe reservoir 3, by which the unvaporizedoil in said reservo?" is expelled. into' the engine cylinder. takes place in the manner alreadyl explained. When the unvaporized oil in the reservoir has beene'xpelled therefrom, the valve and the-'reservoir 28 :ire again turned previous to the next suction stroke to the position ol Fig. 6, and in such position', of course, have 'the relations shown in Fig. 3 andare rendf.v

for a repetition or. the cycle-otoperations described.

The axial-niovoments of the valve 5 and the reservoir 28 are eeetedfby the lever F und b v the spring l2, as above explained, the lever l*Y producing a down..'ard movement of said valve and said .I "eservoir, and vthe spring;y l2 producing-an upward move.- mjent thereof., Added Connections are einploved for effecting tbe turning movement of said valve'nnd suid reservoir, and these connections mav ,conveniently comprise, :i

`bell ernnlt lever 30 which. is ni vozxl coaxinllvf with the levers l" and suitably oiierzitefl ronifthe cani slnilt by' e rod 37; a laterallv on the stein El., and a link fil-.l which connect elle. arm 5553 and tlie'dcpending arm of the lever. fii and is articu' lated ivitli said erin-Stand lever 36 b v ball joints. It. vwill be observed that when tbe valve stem ll. is depressed bv the lever'l", to elect. the n'Jenir-QQ ot the volver?. the levert will remain stetimiariv Vand conseduentlv. owing to the operative connection between' the stem ll with the lever, there will be an incidental turning movement of the'stem ll and of tlievulve 5 end reservor. This closed throughout the axial movements of the re'servcirQS.` The )saidjreservoir i's 0bjectively turned-'when the valve 5 -has re" -sumedthe position-shown in Fig. 34 and the madiiylienasajsuftothe `pasa-,ive timing j the preliminaryexplosirsin. the' reservoir j lever F, Which actuate's said valve, is sta- 1 and: 'Beflthereof' out'of line with the blocks; 35 and tof-thus 'provide 'for the 'ejection o fgtlie fuel into the combustin spaceifj -'Wli'le the constructionfI here n desc be 28, it maybe used with Ieq'ual advantage, in

ilo

in the engine is of relatively low horsepower,

' ment which, however, is notjneededto gestabinde''," but is of, advantage in effecting the o dis lodgment. o f-.ca'rbon from the outeli' '55, n to speak; -which prevents thel deposit ofcaibon and, consequently, the choking of the.

' tionaliy etfecti've to control the commun lish lits communication with. the .engine` cylaxial Lmoveiint of the -reserv'oir addi tion' of Vsaid reservoir and the .combl'lstloI- x` space', *as already explainedf -Wlien the'f blocks 3,5 and the connections for Aturning` the reservoir are not employed, so that the preliminary explosion` in the reservoir not positively timed, 1t 1s, nevertheless, a' fact,

inary explosion occur in regular sequence during the operation ofthe engine, because the more volatile constituents in the reser# voir 3, beingrelatively cold'byr reason "of stroke where ,theexcessivelyf heated 4air in* The construction 'i hereinV described is lofi advantage foithe reason that thereservoir 28 is continuously given a jogging action, so

apertures and 34;' The improved con- 'struction 'islalso of advantage' in that it mayV be manufactured at a very low co'st, I t will' be observed thatl there are nospecial require? '-mentsvas' to the shape. of.l theresernfoir 28.'. it is possibleto. duc`e @is Steel by simpl@ Said @Severin drawing' operai;v

.claimt 1. Thel combination with la cylinder-and ydurinpf`tli.et running'pf the engine.

whichfprojects in td the combustion spacef'o through which the charge is. expelled into 'fasel the leservclrQS as S0014 ,11S if 'deposits ,theonQ-just as it when theconstructo ineludes'vth'esbloeksf in whichcaset v and inw restricted communication, through `said last .named openings, .with said cup and .y .v

in whicha 'portion-of the-main air charge'. f

'and means' or'fjoggixig the cup during.the" ji `'running-of the engine.A providing the engine is of relativelysmall I horsepower, that the times for the pr'elimj I y head' 01E-'the .cylinder having an j inte toward Vand yaway from saidfseat, vafro' the fact that heat has been made latent dur'd 'passages throughv which the oil fiowin'g from:

other passages through whichthe oil-A 'passes A. eesT AVAILABLE coPv of ground surfaces required is comparatively slight, and the outlines of'saisdflsilyxj. 1 U faces vare simple. There is adistinctajdvan-'f- 1 tage in having the v lve and the reservoir 28' connected to mo as one "element,l since` the construction is thereby materiallyT .simr

pliied and no parts are involved which arei j" l Ireadilyliable toy breakage or undue Wear;

It will be understood that no" specific de .I 'l

scription herein contained 'is-intendedto. put 75' i any ylimitation uponfthe scope.of.the-ap 4 f' pended-claims which does "not inhere intlie klan A'agetvhereof." avingfully described my'inventio1 1',']fy

a pistn: Q11' an oil burning engine, ofg'a cup. whichproJect'sfinto the combustionspaceof l thefcylinder and -to` vvhichacharge'ofrfuel a; number of instances, notably. those Wherej v oil is supplieithe fcnpghaving openings 851 `2. The combination wana 'Cylinder aii'a" piston 'of an oiLhurning engine, of a cu the cylinder' and .towhich acharge of fuoil is'supplied, the cup having openings.

becomes.- superheated during compression,

3. .The combination with a oylindfndm piston of an oil burning. engine, than valve seat and havingpoiland airpassa lwhich open to said seat; ofi valve mov' connected 'to lsaid valvefto' movef'threwi provided vvfith fueldischarge openings,i

said valve seatpasses linto siiijdcup,v and means for 'mo.vingthe-y 'valve toward away from its seat at definite periods iii-th running ofthe engine. J1;.,The combination ivithafcylinderand p iistonnof 'an oil .burning engine, a'Wall- .the cylinder having passages foruell oil and' air,'a movable'valve to vcontrol thelflov'v' of oil,- and' air from' said passa'gesan`foil y connected to said valve to mover-therewith and provided with fuel dischargeppenisgaz 26 intob said-,cup in 'one position'of'thevalje, and means for moving the valve'towardfand' running.ottlieengine i i passage. through which the oil flowing-from l 5K. The combination ivitha-- cylinder and a. piston of van oil burning engine, the upper 'head'c'f thc cylinder having an. internal .valve seat and having oil and au passages which open to said seat, of a valve movable `toward andawayy irom said seat, an oil cup connected tosaidvalve to vmov'e v therewith and provided with fuel discharga'openings,

sairlw'alvc seat passes into said cup, and

lmea-ns for i-noving" the valve toward 'and airay from itsjseat at definitel periods in 'the running of? the engine,the cylinder having a small chamber in open communication with the combination space and in which la portionof vthe main air charge becomes si;n

peheatedv dur-ing, compression tand 'the oil cup having other openings of small drame4 ter which afford 1 communication between said chamber and the interior ofthe oil cup. andprovide for anexplosionof the vaporized oil in the cup'v consequent to the maximum heat developed inthe chamber.

- .6. :The combination with `acy'linder, and

a piston of' an oil burning engine, a Wall of.

the cylinder having"passagesfor -Enel oil and air, amovable valve vto controlthe flow cylinder having asniall;l chamber in open.

coimnunication withuthe combustion space and in `which a portion .of the vmain air chargel becomes 'superheated 'during com pression andthe'loil cup-having Aother openings of small'gdiametei" 'which aiford com- "dri'cal' bil clipv threaded upon said munication between said chamber and the interior of the oily cup an'd'provide ifor anv yexplosion oftheiciporiied' 'oil in the cup consequent -to the' ma veloped inthe chanjbe".

7. The. combination with' cylindeand v a piston ofen vgil. burning Tengine, the upper 'head of the cylinder having anlinternal i valve seat andjhaving oil and: air passages vwhich operato said seatglof avalve movable a cylnr val vc to toward and "away 'from said seat,

fmove therewith and provided with i'ucl discharge-openings, the valve having passages vthrough which the oil flowing from said `valve seat may pass into .said clip when the valve is unseat/ed, and means Ator moving the valve toward Jand away irom its seat at definite periods in the running of the engine.

The combination with a-cylinder and "yl aV piston of an oil burning engine, of an BEST AVAlLABLE COPY ing restricted communication withy said 'combustion space. a restricted chamber in open communication with said combustion Space, the oil reservoir havingrsmall openings through which it may have' restricted communication with said chamber, a portion of the air admitted to the cylinder balconi-f* 'ing heated in the chamber tov a degree greater than that of the air' remaining in the cylinder and sufficient to cause arr ex'- plosion within the'oilreservoir of the particles ot' oil in said reservoir which have i). The vcombination with ya cylinder 'and a piston ol an oil burningengine,'of an oil' reservoir haring an area' exposed'to the combustlon space 'of said cylinder andhaving;

restricted communication With-said'comlo'usl -tion space, a lrestricted' chamber:L inv lopen communication' with` said combustion space and in-restricted communication With the oil' reservoir, a portion of the air admitted to the, cylinder becom'ingheated: in the' chamber toa degree greater than that ofthe air l remaining inthe cylinder land sufficient to causean explosion within the oil reservoir of the particles ooil in said reservoir which have become vapori'zed during compression,

and meansl for shutting oi Athe restricted communication between said chamberA and said reservoir except for a definite period in the running of the engine, and thereby positively timing vthe explosion.

10. The combination with a cylinder and a. piston o'f an oil burning engine, a Wall'of the cylinder hav-ing passages .for fuel foiland' air, Aa vaivet'o control the iiow of oil and airjrom said passages, the valve being both rotatably and axially movable, an oil Ycup connected to said valve to move therewith and provided With fuel discharge openings, other passages through which the oil .passes into said cup in the open' position ,of the valve, the cylinder havinga small chamber in open communication withl the combustion space nnd in which a portion of the main air'charge becomes superheated during compression and the oil cup having further openings of small diameter which aii'ord communication between said chamber and the interior of the oil cup and promote an explosion ofthe vaporized oil in the cup consequent to the maximum heat developed in the chamber, blocks arranged in the chamber to serve as closures for the openings of said oil cup, means for moving the valve tolward and away from its seat at definite @eri-ods in the running of the engine, and

`means 'for turning the valve upon. its seat Y et other definite periods in the running of isc the'ehgi1ie5 to th'ereby estziblishcommun'iis'si'-` Ation between the openings in the oil cup ad .the 'small chamber andthe combustion I space of-.the engine, respeetiveIy..;-

11. Th" 'comb'notion'with a cylinder @iid Ha piston` of an 'oi'burningengineye will of the cylinder having-passages fuel oil 'and eixj; en axi'elly moveblevalve theautrol theefiowfof oi-1 'and 'air from sai vpessages, Zan oil cup-connected' to sidrvalv to charge' 'fopenirigs,' 4 :othery passages through lwhichfjth'e'oil passes-into seid open position of ,saidA valve,` the cylinder having a smll chamber in open communicatior*withthecombustion space and in whichA a portion of `th'e- 'main l`aixfcharge becomes superheatecl duringcompression4 and the oil .cup havingotheropenngs'of sm'l'l diameter` which aoidoo'mmunicatio `between seid,` i. i A.chumbeii'ano'l' the interior of the oiLcup and j L witnesses. the cup) eoiiseqiient ton'the" maximum heatjr. developed inlthe chamber, vmeans for movingif the lvlveftoward and way from itsfseat at,

promote-jan explosion.ofv'theivaporized o il in definitepeiods in thel runiiing of Vthe en# fuses L cup in .the

movement between tHe-o eupgnd the blocks a'n'd means for effecting relative. meive'igoeintsfI my hhd-vin presence of two subscribin v RASMUS-MARTIN HVID. Witnesses: -1

ROSE M. SEFToN,'

JOHN S; POWERS.

` BEST AVAILABLE coPY' f 'lativej'...i'otatirve f' 'r whereby to establish 'eommuneationbetfyveen the opeiings fin the oilgcip sind thei'vhlimbe" v andlooibustionfspaee of the'cylindenresp'ectivey..f '.s 1

` 12. 'Thecombination` with-'e eylillide and- 35' 4 oup-subjeot/tothe heat developed inthe co1'' i bustiou 'space 'and communicating therewith 'through 'Small' ports, closersvforsei'dports' 5f 40 v .t ofthe oil cup and the port losers -in timedf" 'relation'V- tothe strokes of the piston to vpositively establish or disestablisli the eommuriil oationof said 'eupand said combustion space'- y throughsed 'port-s.

.In testimony whereof I have'heneuntoset'.' 

